Houk carefully . The Professor noted that the Orisha religion has become increasingly widespread in Trinidad and Tobago in recent years, to the . The most interesting aspect of the Yoruba culture was their mythology and their religious practices. Not only does Santeria involve the worship of saints (called Orishas), but it is also a quest for enlightenment and kinship with God. Cubans from many different walks of life find inspiration in orisha religion, a spiritual practice with West African roots that is sometimes called Santera. The Ceiba is considered an axis mundi, or a point that connects the earth to the heavens, and is associated with specific deities . With there being six male gods and only three female gods, the male worshipers probably have more power when it comes to this religion. Yoruba religion is the basis for a number of religions in the New World, notably Santera, Umbanda, Trinidad Orisha, Haitian Vodou, and Candombl. Beliefs, doctrines and practices of the Orisha religion in Trinidad, 1958 - 1999 (2000 edition) | Open Library Beliefs, doctrines and practices of the Orish . The deities are the same across the board and the way rituals are done is about the same too. What makes Santeria so unique is the fact that it is a syncretic religion - it combines the beliefs and practices of several religions, primarily the African Yoruba religion with Roman Catholic elements mixed in. These messengers are spirits called "Orishas." In Yoruba you must believe and interact with the Orishas to reach God Consciousness. Ifa belief holds that anyone who He is the Orisha of small pox, contagious diseases and of healing. This deity aids in the accumulation of riches and prevents financial misfortune. There are many more books available . Our Spiritual Practices. 12 Most of the practices are identical . The Orisha religion in contrast to Christianity was created in Nigeria in Africa. Ceremonies take place inside a home . Cubans from many different walks of life find inspiration in orisha religion, a spiritual practice with West African roots that is sometimes called Santera. There are many different types of Orishas in the Yoruba religion, and . Orisha drums are double-headed bi-tensorial cylinders derived from Yoruba bembe drums (similar to the Cuban Iyes drums). These slaves had their own religion, but the Spanish colonizers forbid the practice of their religion. better known as Orisha. A religion of spirits and spirit possession, ceremonies and feasts, churches and shrines, sacrifices and sacred objects, Orisha is constantly shifting and unstable, its practice widely varied. It is an Afro-Caribbean religion that combines animism, pantheism, ancestor worship, and Roman Catholicism. Some say that Yoruba - with its many different versions included - is the world's top 6 most practiced religion. Marriages are usually arranged by the parents of the couple. They combined beliefs and practices from their Ifa religion with elements of Roman Catholicism to produce the syncretistic religions of Candombl, Palo Mayombe . Symbolic in the cosmologies of various religions, the tree is a significant part of Orisha worship, the Afro-Cuban religion also known as Santera or Lukumi. Afro-Cuban Religion. It will be clear below how enduring the religion of the Yoruba has been and how the fundamental perspectives of this religion, as well as the Yoruba world view, has been retained in Santera. The . . Yet . by putting if-orisha practice in conversa- tion with healing practices, we contribute to an interdisciplinary and trans- national body of work that stands outside of the boundaries of the east/west dichotomy.7 the efforts to cultivate a scholarly branch of if-orisha study will redefine the limits and dynamics of theological as well as The Orisha weren't people who had a sacred text book. Those who follow this path seek guidance from orishas, sacred beings who reign over human endeavors and the forces of nature. structure and practices of the mother religion, Yoruba. If an individual has consistently bad luck, they must appease their orisha to achieve harmony and balance in their life. In many ways he has become the modern day patron of HIV/AIDS and . Macumba sometimes refers to black magic, but that is . The Yoruba religion system comprises of traditional practices and spiritual concepts which has evolved into a robust religious system. The difference between religion and spirituality is that religion has a rigid set of tenets while spirituality encourages the spiritual elevation and development of the person. Candomble, Candombl, an Afro-Brazilian religion of Yoruba, Fon, and Bantu origin developed primarily in the Northeast by African slaves from Nigeria and their Santeria, Santera, the Spanish name for a system of religious practices of African origin brought to Cuba in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centurie African Religions, AFRICAN RELIGIONS This entry presents a . He said the Spiritual Baptist is a fusion of Catholicism and traditional African practices, but both faiths use drums heavily in their worship. Most of these traditions revolve around Orisha (sometimes referred to as Orisa, or r in the Yoruba language, or Orix in Latin America), a group of spirits from the Yoruba religion that . Lucumi is a religion, Espiritismo is the practice of mediumship, dealing with the dead and guardian spirits - based on French spiritism which became popularized in the New World in the early 1900's, particularly in Puerto Rico. For example, the metal tureens are for Oggn and . fiet f the orisha religion in trinidad practices: the congo people sang their own strange sacred litanies over the grave as the sun went down, the twilight lingering, the echo of the drums reverberating in the long valley which seemed to be calling "the old people" to take their "sunnyboy home". Yorubic medicine has its roots in the Ifa Corpus, a religious text revealed by the mystic prophet, Orunmila, over 4,000 years ago in the ancient city of Ile-Ife, now known as Yorubaland. As the legendary fourth king of the ancient kingdom of Oyo, Shango's rule was marked by whimsical use of power. . The deity, orisha, whose power is represented by the images of thunder and lightning. Orisha religions are a world-wide network of spiritual traditions originating among the Yoruba people of Nigeria and spread across the Americas by enslaved Yoruba men and women in the nineteenth century. Some, such as Elegba, rule over roads and paths or crossroads. Spanish people forced slaves to practice the Catholic . The Lucum religion is practiced throughout the Caribbean, and South America, and North America and its practices vary by the country of origin. . This was a necessity when slave-owners refused to allow slaves to practice African religion. Orishas (singular: orisha) are spirits that play a key role in the Yoruba religion of West Africa and several religions of the African diaspora that derive from it, such as Cuban, Dominican and Puerto Rican Santera and Brazilian Candombl. Welcome to GotBaba.org - Home of. The foundation of the religion stands on three legs Orunmila . The majority of religious mythology was influenced by astrology; was it any wonder man sought out guidance from the heavens. Many Orisha have found their way to most of the New World as a result of the Atlantic slave trade and are now expressed in practices as varied as Santera, Candombl, Trinidad Orisha, Umbanda, and Oyotunji, among others. Every person has a Spirit Guardian that protects their spiritual well being and guards their back. Frances Henry Want to Read 1 2 3 4 5 Check nearby libraries WorldCat Buy this book Better World Books When you buy books using these links the Internet Archive may earn a small commission. She is a prominent Orisha that anybody who desires financial abundance, growth, and sustenance should possess. Houk carefully . Tureens, a Santera custom in Cuba. Starting in the 16th century, large numbers of Yoruba natives were transported as slaves to the Caribbean and the Americas. . The Afro-Cuban Orisha religion, sometimes referred to as "Santera," is the product of the encounter between Yoruba Orisha worship and the popular practices of Spanish Catholicism in colonial Cuba. This fascinating book covers topics such as the past persecution of Orisha followers, the religion's deities, practices, ceremonies, and ties to . They held a belief system in common: the Ifa religion. Orishas themselves are spiritual powers associated with royal lineages, forces of nature, and, often, the saints of popular Catholicism. A practice consisting of the acknowledgment of the creator through the forces of nature. The practice is part of the Yoruba people's history. In order for our ancestors to have been able to practice the Yoruba religion, the Orishas were syncretized with Catholic saints. The practice of Ifa was born to the Yoruba of West Africa centuries ago. The drum that is lowest in pitch is called the bo or kongo.The lead drum is called "center drum," "big drum," or bembe.The smallest drum, highest in pitch, is called umele. we took the manyhambri road in princes town Increasing contacts with Africa and across the diaspora have brought changes to the practice and personality of the religion as well. Some have chosen to practice both Catholicism and Yoruba simultaneously. In 1959, King traveled with Cuban-American friend Christopher Oliana to the Cuban province of Matanzas, where King was initiated as a priest of the Afro Cuban oricha of wisdom and purity Obatal and Oliana as a priest of the oricha of the volcano Agall. Its activities include the offering of animals or vegetable life, food and drink and any other "object prescribed through divination" as sacrifice An Orisha (correct spelling: r) is an entity that possesses the capability of reflecting some of the manifestations of Olodumare. Characteristics of the main Saints or Orishas of the Yoruba religion. She said understanding the spiritual power of the African religion was something she encourages. . . The Orisha-worshiping community or the devotee may use up to a specified number of congregate items that A Ceiba is a type of tropical tree that grows in Miami. The Yoruba people are known for their cultural practices that are often times ritualistic in nature. Orula the soothsayer and interpreter of the sacred word of If. orisha, also spelled orixa or orisa, any of the deities of the Yoruba people of southwestern Nigeria. The sect known as Santeria thus gained a victory for its bloody rites. Macumba The Brazilian form of Vodun and Santera, or the worship of the ancient African gods through spIrIt possession and Magic. Orisha worship is a growing religious practice in the United States. Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America: Native American creation stories This book "Shango King of Kings" shows you everything you need to know about this famous orisha of the Yoruba pantheon, one of the orishas most loved and respected by all. A Ceiba is a type of tropical tree that grows in Miami. All major decisions (and many smaller decisions as well) in Orisha traditions are made through communication with the spirits (such as the Orishas and Egun) through traditional divination methods. It is estimated that 100 million people in the Americas and Africa practice a form of Orisha worship (Clark 2007). The Orishas not only reside in a single natural ecology like the river, Ocean, forests and volcanoes, but they are those natural ecologies, making Ocha-If a nature-based religious practice. As a belief system, it is a powerful presence in the social structure, culture, and, more recently, the political realm of Trinidad. Within the elements of earth wind water and fire there exist an entire pantheon of African deities known . Orisha is not evil! [1] Yoruba religious beliefs are part of Itn (history), the total complex of songs, histories, stories, and other cultural concepts which make up the Yoruba society. One account asserts that Shango was fascinated with magical powers. People who seek practitioners like Little are looking for guidance, which comes from rituals that invoke the Orisha, like baths or offerings and sometimes the reading of tarot cards. Ifa religion is an indigenous and earth-centered African spiritual practice. Although ATR is an umbrella term for many traditions, it is not a monolithic cultural phenomena or practice. Also known as Regla de Ocha (Rule of the Orishas), the religious practice of Santera emerged as slaves from West Africa were traded and shipped to Cuba in the 16th Century. This religion began between the years 1801-1865 when the Spanish people brought African slaves to Cuba. plants as a healing practice in addition to the faith-based aspects of nontraditional practices, such as Orisha practices (Bragdon &Azevedo, 2013). Orisha is an African form practised by the Yoruba tribe in the southwestern region of Nigeria. The best practice with respect to religious items in a correctional setting may be to authorize the number, nature, size, and value of Orisha worshipers' religious items, rather than to specifically name them. Temple Orisha Ile Ifa. . world who practice a religion known as Santera, or alternatively (some people mind the previous name), La Regla de Ocha. There is one religion we haven't yet touched on that, like the others, is a derivative . This is why anyone can work through Espiritismo. Thereafter, King renamed his religion "Orisha-Voodoo" and endeavored to expunge its . Santera was brought to Cuba by the people of the . Orisha Aje is known as one of the primary goddesses of wealth and prosperity in the African traditional religion of Ifa. They have nine gods with their most popular being named Shango who is the god of thunder, fire, war, and drumming. orishas who manifest themselves through possession; divination also reveals the need for specific sacrifices of . For reference, I'll briefly walk through the . The Orisha faith received official recognition with the legalization of Orisha marriages and a grant of lands for the development of African religious organizations. Orisha inhabits the initiated priests for a period of time, and they become the vessel that imparts positive advice and knowledge to all that participate and partake in the santeria ritual . Many people are fearful of religions such as Santeria and Vodun since they equate the religion with practices of Witchcraft. Orisha inhabits the initiated priests for a period of time, and they become the vessel that imparts positive advice and knowledge to all that participate and partake in the santeria ritual . Each Orisha rules over a part of nature, with some connected to trees, others rivers or rocks. Santeria is not Witchcraft. Enslaved Africans juxtaposed their beliefs and customs with those imposed by the Spanish colonists to give birth to a new interpretation of . This tradition originates among the Yoruba people of West Africa, in the area of present-day . This religion has found its way throughout the world and is now expressed in practices as varied as Candombl, Lucum/Santera . It is a spiritual practice, discipline and philosophy that speaks in allegory to the human condition. A person comes for a consultation, concise information is given and often an ebo (sacrifice) is asked to be performed by or on behalf of the person. Yorubic medicine is indigenous to and widely practiced on the African continent. Anthropologist suggests that the word " Orisha " means religious ceremony An Orisha (also spelled Orisa or Orixa) is a spirit or deity that reflects one of the manifestations of Olodumare (God) in the Yoruba spiritual or religious system. A religion of spirits and spirit possession, ceremonies and feasts, churches and shrines, sacrifices and sacred objects, Orisha is constantly shifting and unstable, its practice widely varied. . (Olodumare is also known by various other names including Olorun, Eledumare, Eleda and Olofin-Orun). Santeros (Santeria priests) do not believe that the orishas and the saints are identical. Afro-Cuban Religion. This Orisha was a warrior king who walked with a sword like a staff and fought by shooting fire. It is understood that the orishas wear many masks in order for people to better understand them. It's a part of Santera, a monotheistic religion founded on the small Caribbean island around 100 miles off Florida's coast, which exists as a mainstream option for Cubans who have had the freedom to practice since 1992. By Caitlyn Smith. The Bveda - the Altar of Espiritismo The central altar and focus of Espiritismo's practice is called the bveda (BO-vay-dah - accent on the first syllable). Santeria is not Witchcraft. The divinities are called orishas in their Yoruba generic name. There is no "macumba" religion; the word is an umbrella term for the two principal forms of African spirit worship in Brazil: Candombl and Umbanda. Santera, (Spanish: "The Way of the Saints") also called La Regla de Ocha (Spanish: "The Order of the Orishas") or La Religin Lucum (Spanish: "The Order of Lucum"), the most common name given to a religious tradition of African origin that was developed in Cuba and then spread throughout Latin America and the United States. He was. Symbolic in the cosmologies of various religions, the tree is a significant part of Orisha worship, the Afro-Cuban religion also known as Santera or Lukumi. Sessions and. The first from the Cuban Lucumi religion and the second from the Trinidad and Tobago Orisha religion. As a belief system, it is a powerful presence in the social structure, culture, and, more recently, the political realm of Trinidad. An Assistant Professor from Emory University whose research and teaching focus on theologies and religious practices of the African diaspora provided the following information in a 24 September 2003 telephone interview. - advocates call for recognition of faith's role in emancipation . The exploration and utilization of these various patterns often leads to confusion and conflict The present form and structure of the Orisha religion is the result of both centrifugal forces which are tending to further expand the religious system and centripetal forces which are acting to temper this change. Candomble, Shango, Vodun, Ifa Foundation International and Lucum are just a few of the various forms of orisha worship that are practiced in the Americas (Clark 2007). Some of the Yoruba religion practices are sacrifice, and prayer. Many people are fearful of religions such as Santeria and Vodun since they equate the religion with practices of Witchcraft. The religious worship . There is great difficulty in trying to determine how many people follow Orisha as many practice undercover; yet roughly 8 to 10 per cent of the population practice some form of this religion. This tradition originates among the Yoruba people of West Africa, in the area of present-day . legalized the practice as a result. The deities known as Orishas provide their devotees above all else with health, wisdom, protection, luck and success, and intercede for the religious in difficult moments on the path of life. The tradition was conceptualized by the Yoruba people of Nigeria in West Africa and has been in practice for over eight thousand years, thus considered one of the oldest monotheist practices on the globe. It is a must read for those committed to decolonizing . Temple Orisha Ile Ifa is a tax-exempt non-profit organization founded to serve those with an interest in Ifa, Santeria, Lucumi, and other expressions of West African Yoruba religious practices. The Ceiba is considered an axis mundi, or a point that connects the earth to the heavens, and is associated with specific deities . The Yoruba traditional religion believes that all human beings pass through what is known as Ayanmo which translate to destiny or fate. Practices and Celebrations AFP via Getty Images / Getty Images It is estimated that some 20% of Yoruba practice the traditional religion of their ancestors. There is little or no actual association between the Kali-Mai sect and the Orisha religion, but worshippers from each group are supportive of or at least sympathetic to the religious practices of the other. Through an examination of the complex ways that new domains of belonging are being negotiated and lifeworlds made meaningful, Spiritual Citizenship moves the anthropological scholarship on Orisha religious practices to a new level of engagement with spiritual ontologies of citizenship. Those who follow this path seek guidance from orishas, sacred beings who reign over human endeavors and the forces of nature. Their gods or Orisha were referred to by the Spanish word, Santos, which is why many outsiders called their religion Santeria, meaning The Way of the Saints. They are also venerated by the Edo of southeastern Nigeria; the Ewe of Ghana, Benin, and Togo; and the Fon of Benin (who refer to them as voduns). 88-9 Spirit, Blood and Drums: the Orisha Religion in Trinidad James T. Houk (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995) ----- From . Typically, in the Yoruba religion, most issues can be explained by either the work of an Ajogun, or the failure to pay proper respects to an orisha who must then be placated. Within the last 400 years, this healing system has also been . Tariq Sawandi. The orishas are equated with a variety of Catholic saints. Orisha: Babal Ay (Babaluaye, Asojano) Saint: Saint Lazarus Colors: White, blue, brown, black Number: 17 Description: Babal Ay is one of the most beloved, worshipped and petitioned Orishas in our religion. ORISHAS . Yoruba Orishas (commonly translated "unique/special/selected heads") are often described as intermediaries between humankind and the supernatural. Carrying with them the Yoruba traditions (some slaves being priests of the religion), the slaves began to merge Yoruba tradition with Catholic theology, particularly . With the passage of time, tureens they became a traditional element of the practice of the Rule of Osha (Santeria) in Cuba and they specialized first by colors and then by designs to appropriate them to the characteristics, functions and tastes of each Orisha. The orishas are thought to perform miracles for adherents, and can also be blamed for unfortunate events. The first real step to practicing an Orisha tradition aside from ancestor work is to receive a traditional reading in that tradition. (Video by Jonathan Mejia) The offering - in other rituals it might have been a rooster or a duck - is a common practice in Cuba. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. . Candomble, Shango, Vodun, Ifa Foundation International and Lucum are just a few of the various forms of orisha worship that are practiced in the Americas (Clark . Macumba. Trinidad Orisha practice involves call and response singing accompanied by a trio of drums. It is a syncretistic religion that combines its belief in the Orishasthe gods of the The term is also translated as "Deities", "Divinities" or "Gods". . world who practice a religion known as Santera, or alternatively (some people mind the previous name), La Regla de Ocha. Orishas of Trinidad (African Spirituality Beliefs and Practices Book 7) - Kindle edition by Joiner Siedlak, Monique. See book lists and suggested reading posts google group alt.religion.orisha. Ceremonies take place inside a home . Slaves grouped together to form secret societies to practice their traditional religious beliefs, targeting people who were often converted to Catholicism under duress. pp. In this edition, we talk about his attributes, avatars, stories The followers, however, can't communicate directly with these divine beings. of an original Yoruba model for this religion. Although there is much variation in the details of the rituals and mythology of these deities among these West African peoples, the underlying . [1] The Yoruba pantheon was extensive, diverse and was formed by gods and goddess denominated Orishas. The concept of orisha is similar to those of deities in the traditional religions of the Bini people of Edo State in southern Nigeria, the Ewe people of Benin, Ghana, and . What is Santeria? The purpose of this current study is to gain a better understanding of how the United States Santeria communities deal with issues of mental health within the Santeria/ Way of the Saints Community. When seeking to understand the Orishas, it is important to know that they are not a part of just one religion, but several related religious traditions across different cultures.I'm using the term "Orisha traditions" on the broadest level to include all relevant religions and paths such as Santera/Lucum, Candombl, and If / Isese. orishas who manifest themselves through possession; divination also reveals the need for specific sacrifices of . He is related to Sango, either as his father or brother, and was a former Alaafin of Oyo.
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